Share: Essential Evidence
Top line: Interventions addressing a large number of people who are at a small risk may be more effective in reducing injury and illness than interventions addressing small numbers at high risk. This is an important consideration in areas of public policy such as road safety given finite resources.
Top line: A large cohort study provides direct evidence that physical activity contributes to a lower risk of dementia in later life independent of other cardiovascular risk factors.
Top line: In understanding which behaviour change techniques are most effective in promoting walking and cycling there is increasing evidence that self-monitoring of behaviour and intention formation are techniques that should be included in interventions.
Top line: England and Wales remain car-dependent, but the trends are slightly more encouraging. Unlike many health behaviours, it is more common for socio-economically disadvantaged groups to commute using physically active modes. This association is, however, weakening and may soon reverse for cycling.
Top line: Motor vehicle users have come to expect free residential parking, yet free parking is not an entitlement. Market prices can allocate parking spaces fairly and efficiently, and in doing so reduce congestion and emissions, and support sustainable transport use.
Top line: In the US, one of the most car-dominated countries in the world, political commitment has enabled funding of proven safe routes to schools interventions. In New York alone there is potential to prevent 210 child pedestrian injuries per year through Safe Routes to school programs.
West of England
